Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) exhibit exceptional luminescent properties, rendering them valuable assets in diverse fields such as bioimaging, sensing, and therapeutics. Nevertheless, the potential toxicological consequences of UCNPs necessitate comprehensive investigation to ensure their safe implementation. This review aims to offer a detail

In this study, we present a novel strategy for the synthesis and characterization of single-carbon nanotube nanotubes (SWCNTs) covalently attached with iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4|Fe2O3|FeO). The synthesis process involves a two-step approach, first bonding SWCNTs onto a appropriate substrate and then depositing Fe3O4 nanoparticles via a solvot